What Is Thyroid Storm?

Thyroid storm (thyrotoxic crisis) is a rare but life-threatening exacerbation of hyperthyroidism.

Symptoms

  • Fever above 104°F (40°C)
  • Extreme tachycardia (above 140 bpm)
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • Confusion, delirium, psychosis
  • Vomiting and diarrhea
  • Heart failure

Triggers

  • Untreated hyperthyroidism + acute stress
  • Infection
  • Surgery
  • Trauma
  • Childbirth

Treatment

  • ICU admission
  • Beta-blockers (IV)
  • Antithyroid medications (PTU)
  • Corticosteroids
  • Supportive care

Mortality

  • Historically 90%+ without treatment
  • Now 10–20% with aggressive ICU care
Source: American Thyroid Association, NLM MedlinePlus.

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