What Is Postpartum Thyroiditis?

Postpartum thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid after childbirth, affecting 5–10% of women in the first year postpartum.

Phases

• Phase 1 (1–4 months): Hyperthyroidism — thyroid releases stored hormone
• Phase 2 (4–8 months): Hypothyroidism — depleted thyroid
• Recovery (by 12 months): 80% return to normal thyroid function

Risk Factors

• Positive anti-TPO antibodies
• Previous postpartum thyroiditis
• Family history of thyroid disease

Treatment

• Hyperthyroid phase: beta-blockers if symptomatic (no antithyroid drugs needed)
• Hypothyroid phase: levothyroxine if symptomatic
• 20% develop permanent hypothyroidism