What Is Metabolic Syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that together increase risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

Diagnostic Criteria (3+ of 5)

• 1. Waist circumference: above 40" (men) or 35" (women)
• 2. Triglycerides: 150 mg/dL or above
• 3. HDL: below 40 (men) or 50 (women)
• 4. Blood pressure: 130/85 or above
• 5. Fasting glucose: 100 mg/dL or above

Prevalence

• 35% of U.S. adults
• 50% of people over 60

Health Risks

• 2× risk of cardiovascular disease
• 5× risk of type 2 diabetes
• Increased risk of fatty liver

Treatment

• Weight loss (5–10% of body weight)
• Exercise
• Diet (Mediterranean or low-carb)
• Address each component individually