What Is LDL Cholesterol?

LDL stands for Low-Density Lipoprotein. It is called the 'bad' cholesterol because it deposits cholesterol in artery walls, forming plaques that narrow arteries.

Optimal Levels

• Below 100 mg/dL: optimal
• 100–129: near optimal
• 130–159: borderline high
• 160–189: high
• Above 190: very high

Why LDL Matters

• LDL penetrates artery walls
• Triggers inflammation and plaque formation
• Plaques can rupture, causing heart attack or stroke
• Every 39 mg/dL reduction lowers cardiovascular risk by ~20%

How to Lower LDL

• Reduce saturated fat (red meat, full-fat dairy)
• Increase soluble fiber (oats, beans)
• Exercise regularly
• Statins if lifestyle isn't enough