What Is LDL Cholesterol?
LDL stands for Low-Density Lipoprotein. It is called the 'bad' cholesterol because it deposits cholesterol in artery walls, forming plaques that narrow arteries.
Optimal Levels
- Below 100 mg/dL: optimal
- 100–129: near optimal
- 130–159: borderline high
- 160–189: high
- Above 190: very high
Why LDL Matters
- LDL penetrates artery walls
- Triggers inflammation and plaque formation
- Plaques can rupture, causing heart attack or stroke
- Every 39 mg/dL reduction lowers cardiovascular risk by ~20%
How to Lower LDL
- Reduce saturated fat (red meat, full-fat dairy)
- Increase soluble fiber (oats, beans)
- Exercise regularly
- Statins if lifestyle isn't enough
Source: NLM MedlinePlus, American Association for Clinical Chemistry.
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