What Is Total Bilirubin in a Blood Test?

Total bilirubin measures the yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down.

Normal Range

• 0.3–1.2 mg/dL
• Above 2.5 = jaundice visible

High Bilirubin Causes

• Hemolysis (red cell destruction)
• Gilbert syndrome (benign)
• Liver disease
• Bile duct obstruction

Direct vs Indirect

• Indirect high: hemolysis or Gilbert
• Direct high: obstruction or liver disease